Nā kūlana ʻoi aku ma mua o nā hub no ka huakaʻi ea—he ʻōnaehana paʻakikī lākou me nā kuleana a me nā hana ʻokoʻa. No ka hoʻokele ʻana i ka honua o ka mokulele, pono e hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ke kahua mokulele a me ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale ai iā lākou.
Mai nā kikowaena honua holoʻokoʻa a hiki i nā mokulele liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mokulele ma muli o nā kumu e like me ka nui, ka nui o ke kaʻa, a me nā mana hana. ʻOiai he mea paʻakikī paha ka ʻōlelo ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kēia mau papa inoa ma mua o ka mea i ʻike ʻia.
Ma kēia alakaʻi, e ʻimi mākou i nā ʻano mokulele like ʻole, ko lākou mau inoa kūhelu, a pehea e wehewehe ʻia ai. He mea hoihoi paha ʻoe i ka mokulele a i ʻole he huakaʻi hoihoi, e hāʻawi kēia ʻike i ka mālamalama i ka honua like ʻole o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mokulele.
He aha ka manaʻo o ka Term Airport?
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka huaʻōlelo "airport" ma mua o kahi e pae ai ka mokulele a lele. E pili ana ia i kahi ʻōnaehana holoʻokoʻa o nā lako, nā ʻoihana, a me nā wahi i koho ʻia e kākoʻo ana i nā hana mokulele.
E like me ka Ka Hoʻomalu Kūleʻa Kūʻē (FAA), ua wehewehe ʻia kahi mokulele e like me:
"ʻO kēlā me kēia wahi o ka ʻāina a i ʻole ka wai i hoʻohana ʻia a i manaʻo ʻia no ka pae ʻana a i ʻole ka haʻalele ʻana o nā mokulele, me nā wahi i hoʻohana ʻia a i manaʻo ʻia no nā hale mokulele, nā mea pono, a me nā kuleana e hele pū me nā hale a me nā mea hana."
Hōʻike kēia wehewehe i ka paʻakikī a me ka laulā o nā mokulele, e lilo ana i mau hub koʻikoʻi no ka huakaʻi ea, lawe ukana, a me nā lawelawe mokulele. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia manaʻo paʻa ke kī i ka ʻike ʻana i nā loina ākea o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mokulele a me nā kuleana e pāʻani ai nā mokulele ʻokoʻa i ka kaiaola mokulele.
He aha nā papa mokulele?
He mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ke kahua mokulele no kēlā me kēia mea e pili ana i ka mokulele, inā he pailaka ʻoe, huakaʻi, a ʻoihana ʻoihana paha. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mokulele e pili ana i kā lākou pae hana, ka nui o ke kaʻa, a me nā ʻano hana a lākou e kākoʻo ai.
Wahi a ka Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mokulele i ʻelua mau ʻano nui: mua a me ka mea ʻole. Hoʻoholo ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana e ka pae o ka hana, me ka pinepine o ka hōʻea ʻana a me ka haʻalele ʻana, a me ke ʻano o nā hana i hana ʻia ma ka mokulele.
Nā Mokulele Nui
Hoʻokaʻawale hou ʻia nā mokulele mua ma muli o kā lākou kuleana i ka mokulele kalepa. Aia kēia mau mea:
- Hub Nui: Nā mokulele nui e lawelawe ana i kahi hapa nui o ka holo ʻana o ka ea aupuni (e laʻa, JFK, LAX).
- Hub waena: Nā kahua mokulele me ka nui o nā kaʻa kaʻa, e lawelawe pinepine ana ma ke ʻano he kikowaena kūloko.
- Hub liʻiliʻi: Nā mokulele ʻoihana liʻiliʻi me nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa like ʻole.
- ʻAʻole Hub: Nā kahua mokulele me ka liʻiliʻi o nā kālepa kalepa, e lawelawe pinepine ana i nā kaiāulu liʻiliʻi.
Nā Mokulele ʻAʻole
Hāʻawi mua nā mokulele ʻaʻohe kumu i ka mokulele ākea (GA) a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia penei:
- National: Nā mokulele e kākoʻo ana i nā mokulele GA lōʻihi a me nā lawelawe koʻikoʻi.
- Māhele āpana: Nā kahua mokulele e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he kikowaena no ka hana GA āpana.
- Local: Nā mokulele e hāʻawi ana i ke komo ʻana i nā kaiāulu kūloko a me nā huakaʻi mamao.
- XIX.: Nā kahua mokulele me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka lele leʻaleʻa.
- Unclassified: ʻAʻole kūpono nā kahua mokulele i nā ʻāpana i luna aʻe, nā mea pilikino a i ʻole nā mea kūikawā.
ʻOiai ʻike pinepine ʻia nā mokulele lawelawe ʻoihana, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa lele a me nā hana mokulele maʻamau e hana ʻia ma nā kahua mokulele ʻole. He kuleana koʻikoʻi kēia mau keʻena i ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa pailaka, nā mokulele pilikino, a me ka hoʻohui ʻāina.
Ma ka ʻimi hohonu ʻana i kēia mau hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi i loko o ka māhele mokulele ākea, loaʻa iā mākou kahi ʻike maopopo i ke ʻano o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻana o nā mokulele a me nā kuleana kūʻokoʻa a lākou e pāʻani nei i ka kaiaola mokulele.
ʻO nā ʻāpana mokulele mokulele ʻelima
ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mokulele he kī nui ia i ka mahalo ʻana i nā kuleana like ʻole a nā mokulele mokulele (GA) e pāʻani nei i loko o ka kaiaola mokulele. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau mokulele i ʻelima mau ʻano ʻokoʻa, e lawelawe ana kēlā me kēia i nā hana kikoʻī a me nā pono hana.
Eia kahi nānā kikoʻī i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i loko o ka hoʻolālā ākea o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mokulele:
Nā Mokulele Lahui
ʻO nā mokulele mokuʻāina nā hub koʻikoʻi loa i ka pūnaewele mokulele ākea. Kākoʻo lākou i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka hana, me nā huakaʻi ʻoihana lōʻihi, ka halihali olakino, a me nā hana ukana.
Hōʻike pinepine kēia mau mokulele i nā ʻenehana nui, e like me nā ala holo lōʻihi, nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokele holomua, a me nā lako lawelawe piha e like me nā hale hana mālama a me na hale hoahu wahie.
Aia nā laʻana i nā mokulele e like me Van Nuys Airport (VNY) ma Kaleponi, e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he kī node no ka mokulele a me ka mokulele pilikino.
Nā Mokulele ʻĀpana
He mea hoʻohui koʻikoʻi nā mokulele āpana i loko o ko lākou mau wahi ʻāina, e kākoʻo ana i nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka hana GA. Hāʻawi lākou i ka huakaʻi ʻoihana, hoʻomaʻamaʻa lele, a me ka lele ʻana i ka leʻaleʻa, e lawelawe pinepine ana ma ke ʻano he mau ʻokoʻa i nā hub kalepa nui aʻe.
Loaʻa i kēia mau mokulele nā ala hoʻokele i mālama maikaʻi ʻia, nā kōkua hoʻokele maʻamau, a me nā lawelawe e like me ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka mālama mokulele. ʻO kahi laʻana ʻo Centennial Airport (APA) ma Colorado, e kākoʻo ana i kahi hui o ka ʻoihana a me nā mokulele leʻaleʻa.
Nā mokulele kūloko
ʻO nā kahua mokulele kūloko nā mea e pili ana i ke kaiāulu e hāʻawi i ke ala kūpono i nā kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi a me nā wahi kuaʻāina. Kākoʻo lākou i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka hana GA, me nā mokulele pilikino, ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mokulele, a me nā lawelawe pilikia e like me nā ambulances ea.
Loaʻa pinepine kēia mau mokulele i nā ala holo pōkole a me nā lawelawe liʻiliʻi akā he kuleana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā kaiāulu mamao i ka pūnaewele mokulele ākea. ʻO kahi laʻana ʻo Mackinac Island Airport (MCD) ma Michigan, e lawelawe ana i kahi kaiāulu mokupuni liʻiliʻi.
Nā kahua mokulele kumu
ʻO nā kahua mokulele maʻamau he mau hale liʻiliʻi me nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka lele leʻaleʻa a me ka hana māmā GA. Loaʻa iā lākou nā ala holo pōkole, nā mea kōkua hoʻokele liʻiliʻi, a me nā lawelawe liʻiliʻi, akā he mea koʻikoʻi lākou no ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ke komo ʻana o ka mokulele a me ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā ʻoihana kūloko.
Ua kaulana kēia mau mokulele i waena o nā hoʻokele pilikino a me nā kula lele e like me ka ʻO Florida Flyers Flight Academy. ʻO kahi laʻana ʻo Johnson County Executive Airport (OJC) ma Kansas, kahi e lawelawe ai i nā huakaʻi leʻaleʻa a hoʻomaʻamaʻa.
Nā Mokulele ʻole
ʻO nā mokulele i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia he mau mea kūikawā i kūpono ʻole i nā ʻāpana i luna. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke komo i nā mokulele pilikino, nā heliport, a i ʻole nā mokulele i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no nā kumu kikoʻī e like me nā hana mahiʻai, hoʻohana ʻenehana, a i ʻole ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa koa.
Loaʻa pinepine kēia mau mokulele i nā ʻenehana kūikawā i kūpono i kā lākou mau hana kikoʻī. ʻO kahi laʻana ʻo Wittman Regional Airport (OSH) ma Wisconsin, ka mea nāna e hoʻokipa i ka hanana lele lele EAA AirVenture makahiki.
ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mokulele e hāʻawi i ka ʻike i nā kuleana like ʻole o kēia mau mea hana i loko o ka kaiaola mokulele. Mai ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā mokulele ʻoihana lōʻihi a hiki i ka lele ʻana i ka leʻaleʻa, pono nā mokulele GA no ka mālama ʻana i kahi ʻoihana mokulele paʻa a hiki ke loaʻa.
No ke aha he mea nui ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ke kahua mokulele?
He mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mokulele no nā pailaka, ʻoihana mokulele, a me nā huakaʻi. Hāʻawi ia i ka ʻike koʻikoʻi i ke ʻano o ke kaʻa, nā kaʻina hana, a me nā manaʻolana hana ma kēlā me kēia mokulele. Inā ʻoe e hoʻokele nei i kahi ʻāina ākea a i ʻole kahi kahua mokulele kūloko, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau no nā pilikia kūʻokoʻa a me nā koi o kēlā me kēia hale.
Ke hoʻokele ʻana i nā ʻano mokulele like ʻole
Nā Mokulele Lapaʻa Nui a me nā ʻĀpana: Ke mālama nei kēia mau mokulele i ka nui o nā kaʻa kaʻa, me nā mokulele kalepa, nā hana ukana, a me nā mokulele ʻoihana. ʻO ka hana ʻana ma ia ʻano kaiapuni e koi ana i ka ʻike piha o nā lula aeronautical paʻakikī, nā kaʻina hana hoʻokele holomua, a me ke kamaʻilio kūpono me ka hoʻokele ea.
Kūlana a me nā kahua mokulele kumu: He liʻiliʻi paha nā kaʻa o nā mokulele liʻiliʻi, akā pono lākou i ka hoʻokele akahele. Pono nā pailaka e kamaʻāina i nā kaʻina hana kūloko, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ke alahele, a me nā mea pilikia, ʻoi aku ma nā kuaʻāina a i ʻole nā wahi mamao.
Nā Mokulele ʻole: Loaʻa i kēia mau keʻena kūikawā nā koi kūikawā kūikawā, no laila he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i kā lākou mau lula a me nā palena.
Inā ʻoe e lele ana i kahi mokulele ʻāina nui a i ʻole e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka pae ʻana ma kahi kahua mokulele liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūpono ke kī. Ma ka ʻO Florida Flyers Flight Academy, hoʻolako mākou i kā mākou mau haumāna me ka ʻike a me nā mākau e hoʻokele i kekahi kahua mokulele me ka palekana a me ka hilinaʻi.
Loaʻa i kā mākou mau kumu aʻoaʻo loea ka ʻike nui e hana ana i loko a a puni nā mokulele o nā papa āpau. Mai ka haku ʻana i nā kamaʻilio hoʻokele ea a hiki i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā protocol runway, hoʻomākaukau mākou iā ʻoe no kēlā me kēia hiʻohiʻona.
ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka mokulele ʻaʻole e pili ana i ka palekana wale nō - pili pū kekahi i ka manawa kūpono. Me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūpono, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike iā ʻoe iho e hoʻokele ana i kahi mokulele mokulele ma waena o ka ʻAkelanika a i ʻole ka hoʻokele ʻana i nā hana ma kahi kikowaena kūloko.
E hoʻokaʻaʻike i ka hui Florida Flyers Flight Academy i kēia lā ma (904) 209-3510 e aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka laikini pailaka haole ma 4 mau ʻanuʻu.
